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Energy Cost Comparisons
These charts compare electric heat costs with oil, natural gas and propane in a variety of heating systems.
How to use the Chart
Find the chart of the electric heat you’re considering i.e. air-to-air heat pump; geothermal (ground source) heat pump or electric resistance heat.
Find the kWh price for electricity and compare it to prices for propane, natural gas and oil on the same line.
For geothermal systems, for example, electricity at 4.2 cents/kWh is equal to propane (in a 90% efficient furnace) at 34 cents/gallon. If propane costs more, it’s a more expensive form of heat.
Geothermal & Ground Source Heat Pumps 300% Efficient
Electricity Water/Air HP (COP 3)
(cents/kWh )
Fuel Oil Regular
(60% eff.)
($/gal.)
Propane Regular
(90% eff.)($/Gal)
Natural Gas Regular
(80% eff.)($/therm)
Natural Gas Super Eff.
(90% eff.)($/therm)
4.2 0.34 0.34 0.33 0.37 Air to Air Heat Pump 200% Efficient
Electricity Water/Air HP (COP 3)
(cents/kWh )
Fuel Oil Regular
(60% eff.)
($/gal.)
Propane Regular
(90% eff.)($/Gal)
Natural Gas Regular
(80% eff.)($/therm)
Natural Gas Super Eff.
(90% eff.)($/therm)
4.2
0.51 0.51 0.49 0.55 Electric Resistance 100% Efficient
Electricity Water/Air HP (COP 3)
(cents/kWh )
Fuel Oil Regular
(60% eff.)
($/gal.)
Propane Regular
(90% eff.)($/Gal)
Natural Gas Regular
(80% eff.)($/therm)
Natural Gas Super Eff.
(90% eff.)($/therm)
4.2 1.01 1.01 0.98 1.11